Skip to main content

Quick Sort algorithm to select random/middle/first/last element as a pivot


Below i have attached quick sort algorithm that can select pivot element position from the user for the first time and sort the array with  nlogn complexity.
Approx. in all the books ,algorithm shows to select  either first or last element as a pivot.This algorithm is able to select pivot position from user and sort the array elements accordingly.
Lets take an example:
95 5 1 3 7
try a quick sort dry run of this array elements on pen and paper,here 1 is a pivot element:-
1st pass:-1 5 95 3 7   (pivot element 1 is in final position)
2nd pass:-1 3 5 95 7  (now pivot element 5 is in final position)
3rd pass:-1 3 5 7 95   (pivot element 95 is in final position)

Just with the slight modification in the main & quick sort function , you can able to select middle element as a pivot element.To make a middle element as a pivot element,you only need to do three changes :
1.)Remove below two lines in the main function
   printf("Enter pivot element position===>\n");
   scanf("%d",&pivotpos);
2.) Add below lines in quicksort function
  pivotpos=(start+end)/2;
3.)Remove pivotpos paramter from quicksort and partition function.

You can also change your algorithm  to select first or last element as a pivot .You only need to do below changes in partition function and remove some code in quicksort function.
1.)pivotpos=left so that it always select first element in the list/sublist.
             OR
2.)pivotpos=right so that it always select last element in the list/sublist.

Here is the code that are able to select random pivot element from the user.I hope this code works for you as well, you can try run this code on  http://www.compileonline.com/compile_c_online.php.

If case you find anything  wrong or any type of suggestion,please comment below.
Happy Coding.

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
void quicksort(int arrElements[],int pivotpos,int start,int end){
 
    int newpivotpos=partition(arrElements,pivotpos,start,end);
    if(start<end){
        if(newpivotpos<end){
            quicksort(arrElements,newpivotpos+1,newpivotpos+1,end);
        }
        if(newpivotpos>0){
            quicksort(arrElements,newpivotpos-1,start,newpivotpos-1);
        }
     
    }
}
int partition(int arrElements[],int pivotpos,int left,int right){
    int pivotValue=arrElements[pivotpos],checkPosFlag=0,start=left,end=right;
    while(left<right){
        while(arrElements[left]<=pivotValue && left<=end) left++;
        while(arrElements[right]>pivotValue) right--;
        if(right==pivotpos){
            checkPosFlag=1;
        }
        if(left<right){
            swapElements(arrElements+left,arrElements+right);
            if(checkPosFlag==1){
                pivotpos=left;
                checkPosFlag=0;
            }
        }
    }

   if(pivotpos!=right){
        swapElements(&arrElements[pivotpos],&arrElements[right]);
        pivotpos=right;
   }
  return pivotpos;
}
int  swapElements(int *left,int *right){
    *left=*left^*right;
    *right=*left^*right;
    *left=*left^*right;
    return 0;
}
main()
{
    int arrayLength,i,pivotpos;
    printf("Enter Size of array=>\n");
   scanf("%d",&arrayLength);
   int arrElements[arrayLength];
   printf("Enter array Elements=>\n");
   for(i=0;i<arrayLength;i++){
       scanf("%d",&arrElements[i]);
   }
   printf("Enter pivot element position===>\n");
   scanf("%d",&pivotpos);
   quicksort(arrElements,pivotpos,0,arrayLength-1);
   printf("\nSorted Elements of array===>\n");
   for(i=0;i<arrayLength;i++){
       printf("%d",arrElements[i]);
   }
}
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Comments

Popular posts from this blog

Long-Polling vs WebSockets vs Server-Sent Events

Long-Polling vs WebSockets vs Server-Sent Events  Long-Polling, WebSockets, and Server-Sent Events are popular communication protocols between a client like a web browser and a web server. First, let’s start with understanding what a standard HTTP web request looks like. Following are a sequence of events for regular HTTP request: Client opens a connection and requests data from the server. The server calculates the response. The server sends the response back to the client on the opened request. HTTP Protocol Ajax Polling Polling is a standard technique used by the vast majority of AJAX applications. The basic idea is that the client repeatedly polls (or requests) a server for data. The client makes a request and waits for the server to respond with data. If no data is available, an empty response is returned. Client opens a connection and requests data from the server using regular HTTP. The requested webpage sends requests to...

MonoLithic Vs Microservice Architecture | which Architecture should i choose ?

From last few years ,microservices are an accelerating trend . Indeed, microservices approach offers tangible benefits including an increase in scalability, flexibility, agility, and other significant advantages. Netflix, Google, Amazon, and other tech leaders have successfully switched from monolithic architecture to microservices. Meanwhile, many companies consider following this example as the most efficient way for business growth. On the contrary, the monolithic approach is a default model for creating a software application. Still, its trend is going down because building a monolithic application poses a number of challenges associated with handling a huge code base, adopting a new technology, scaling, deployment, implementing new changes and others. So is the monolithic approach outdated and should be left in the past? And is it worth shifting the whole application from a monolith to microservices ? Will developing a microservices application help you reach you...

Face Detection model on Image/Webcam/Video using Machine Learning OpenCV

Face detection is a computer technology that is being applied for many different applications that require the identification of human faces in digital images or video. It can be regarded as a specific case of object-class detection, where the task is to find the locations and sizes of all objects in an image that belongs to a given class. The technology is able to detect frontal or near-frontal faces in a photo, regardless of orientation, lighting conditions or skin color . Not Face Recognition! It’s about Detection. Face recognition describes a biometric technology that goes way beyond recognizing when a human face is present. It actually attempts to establish whose face it is. In this article, I’m not going deep into recognizing. I’ll keep that for a future blog article and for the time being, I’m going to explain how to run a simple Face  Detection program using your WebCam with Python Or we can run simple program on image as well . We are dealing with below Cascade models for...